After less than two weeks of retreating with few shots fired and little resistance, the SAA has retreated into, well, a state of non-existence. This thereby ends a conflict that has been simmering for over a decade. With the end of this conflict, another begins: the carving up of what used to be Syria between Israel and Turkey, with perhaps the odd Syrian faction getting a rump state here and there. Both Israel and Turkey have begun military operations, with Israel working on expanding their territory in Syria and bombing military bases to ensure as little resistance as possible.
Israeli success in Syria is interesting to contrast against their failures in Gaza and Lebanon. A short time ago, Israel failed to make significant territorial progress in Lebanon due to Hezbollah's resistance despite the heavy hits they had recently taken, and was forced into a ceasefire with little to show for the manpower and equipment lost and the settlers displaced. The war with Lebanon was fast, but still slow enough to allow a degree of analysis and prediction. In contrast, the sheer speed of Syria's collapse has made analysis near-impossible beyond obvious statements like "this is bad" and "Assad is fucking up"; by the time a major Syrian city had fallen, you barely had time to digest the implications before the next one was under threat.
There is still too much that we don't know about the potential responses (and non-responses) of other countries in the region - Lebanon, Iraq, Iran, and Russia, for example. I think that this week and the next will see a lot of statements made by various parties and an elucidation of how the conflict will progress. The only thing that seems clear is that we are in the next stage of the conflict, and perhaps have been, in retrospect, since Nasrallah's assassination. This stage has been and will be far more chaotic as the damage to Israel compounds and they are willing to take greater and greater risks to stay in power. It will also involve Israel causing destruction all throughout the region, rather than mostly localizing it in Gaza and southern Lebanon. Successful gambles like with Syria may or may not outweigh the unsuccessful ones like with Lebanon. This is a similar road to the one apartheid South Africa took, but there are also too many differences to say if the destination will be the same.
What is certain is that Assad's time in power can be summarized as a failure, both to be an effective leader and to create positive economic conditions. His policies were actively harmful to internal stability for no real payoff and by the end, all goodwill had been fully depleted. By the end, the SAA did not fight back; not because of some wunderwaffen on the side of HST, but because there was nothing to fight for, and internal cohesion rapidly disintegrated.
Defense Politics Asia's youtube channel and their map. Their youtube channel has substantially diminished in quality but the map is still useful. Moon of Alabama, which tends to have interesting analysis. Avoid the comment section. Understanding War and the Saker: reactionary sources that have occasional insights on the war. Alexander Mercouris, who does daily videos on the conflict. While he is a reactionary and surrounds himself with likeminded people, his daily update videos are relatively brainworm-free and good if you don't want to follow Russian telegram channels to get news. He also co-hosts The Duran, which is more explicitly conservative, racist, sexist, transphobic, anti-communist, etc when guests are invited on, but is just about tolerable when it's just the two of them if you want a little more analysis. Simplicius, who publishes on Substack. Like others, his political analysis should be soundly ignored, but his knowledge of weaponry and military strategy is generally quite good.
On the ground: Patrick Lancaster, an independent and very good journalist reporting in the warzone on the separatists' side.
Unedited videos of Russian/Ukrainian press conferences and speeches.
Pro-Russian Telegram Channels:
Again, CW for anti-LGBT and racist, sexist, etc speech, as well as combat footage.
https://t.me/aleksandr_skif ~ DPR's former Defense Minister and Colonel in the DPR's forces. Russian language. https://t.me/Slavyangrad ~ A few different pro-Russian people gather frequent content for this channel (~100 posts per day), some socialist, but all socially reactionary. If you can only tolerate using one Russian telegram channel, I would recommend this one. https://t.me/s/levigodman ~ Does daily update posts. https://t.me/patricklancasternewstoday ~ Patrick Lancaster's telegram channel. https://t.me/gonzowarr ~ A big Russian commentator. https://t.me/rybar ~ One of, if not the, biggest Russian telegram channels focussing on the war out there. Actually quite balanced, maybe even pessimistic about Russia. Produces interesting and useful maps. https://t.me/epoddubny ~ Russian language. https://t.me/boris_rozhin ~ Russian language. https://t.me/mod_russia_en ~ Russian Ministry of Defense. Does daily, if rather bland updates on the number of Ukrainians killed, etc. The figures appear to be approximately accurate; if you want, reduce all numbers by 25% as a 'propaganda tax', if you don't believe them. Does not cover everything, for obvious reasons, and virtually never details Russian losses. https://t.me/UkraineHumanRightsAbuses ~ Pro-Russian, documents abuses that Ukraine commits.
A lot has happened in Syria in a very short time. It seems like everything is in flux and it has been hard to keep up.
Israel has now extended its buffer out of Golan Heights, moving troops, and bombing as far as Damascus. This can be seen on the map trackers.
I've heard a lot of concerns that HTS would align with Israel, especially after that piece published in an Israeli paper where a rebel asked Israel to bomb SAA positions the other day. As far as I know that did not happen. Now Israel is bombing the rebels instead.
I can't say what will happen, but as I recently posted, Iran will likely want to court an HTS government (despite their history) to align them away from Israel. If Israel is going to immediately bomb HTS then that presumably makes the job easier for Iran. I even suspect this is part of the reason why we saw limited Iranian action in Syria over the past week - to prepare for the situation that comes next.
I will not be surprised if Israel wants to back the SDF now in order to use them to sustain the conflict. On the other hand I would be surprised if the SDF would welcome their support. They have their best shot at autonomy in a long time and if HTS is willing to work with them, then it seems to me that it would be much safer to do so rather than to let Israel provoke more fighting and risk losing it all.
I'm also not sure how legitimate an offer of Israeli support would be because I struggle to imagine them sinking a lot of resources into fighting the SNA and by extension their co-conspirator Turkey. Perhaps ultimately Israel will end up supporting the SNA instead? That might be the play for maximum chaos.
With that said, we've seen the increasing importance of modern air defenses and if those are not made available, then it may not actually be feasible to resist Israel - for both HTS and SDF. And I'm not sure there are enough air defense systems to go around. So some party might feel forced to cut a new deal. This is one of my major concerns at the moment. It is frustrating that the need for AD has become so apparent in recent years and yet there is still a massive deficiency of hardware.
To summarize: A lot has happened, a lot is happening, and we could see both positive and negative developments as the situation evolves. I don't think this is one of those affairs where the outcome is pre-determined and we're just waiting for the pieces to fall into place. I expect that this state of flux and rapid developments will continue in the near term. I will hope for the best.
As far as I can tell, bombing HTS is working against Israel's interests to keep the corridor closed by pissing off the new government. Meanwhile Iran will presumably want to court HTS in order to reopen it.
If Israel simply pursues land and chaos, then in my opinion they will make Iran's job of reopening the corridor easier.
Obviously I could be wrong, but this is my thought process fwiw.
Iran gets the corridor if Syria is in chaos or if the new government aligns with them instead of Turkey or Israel (both of which would be bad for self-preservation). And it needs alliances.
(e: Also, Iran didn't really like Assad, right? Their support was more a matter of convenience afaik. If so then they might have a better chance at finding common ground with HTS.)
I've been thinking about the counter-thesis though. Israel can definitely accomplish a lot of objectives with just division ops, bombs, and playing the martyr. They might be able to keep the corridor closed even if the new nation does not have territorial integrity, and they might be willing to risk pushing Syrian forces closer to Iranian alignment if it earns them powerful allies or if they can incapacitate a significant amount of these forces in the process. If this were successful it would be a major loss to Israel in the region.
I think this is pretty much what happens if HTS fails to make strong alliances. I wonder about Israel's ability to support the logistics but Trump / the US is probably willing to give them enough bombs to make it happen.
I will not ask Syrians to keep fighting long past their ability to fight- they're brave just for standing up to the IDF at all. And yet, I hope they make Israel pay in blood for every centimeter of territory they try to occupy. Hopefully they've been digging some tunnels over the past year.
I feel similarly. I do not want them to have to fight the IDF or anyone else anymore. But the choice may not be left to them, and if that's the case, then I hope they will be able to extract a quick and decisive victory - whatever that might look like for Syria.
Thank you. There are several points I am not especially confident about, and although I have been following this war from the start there are a still a lot of things I don't know. So the positive feedback is appreciated.