System requirements wise, for a while I used it on a 1050Ti with 4GBs of VRAM. I wouldn't recommend going any lower than that. An RX580 with 8GB VRAM does wonders at a similar secondhand price point (if there isn't any crypto hype going around where you are)
Civitai has a really good selection of models, loras, and other resources
Models
Models are basically the brains of Stable Diffusion. They are the data SD uses to learn what your prompts mean.
The built-in models that come with Stable Diffusion are really bad for porn. Don't use them. In fact don't use them at all unless you're training your own models, there are better SFW models.
Here are some of my personal favourites:
Anime
MeinaHentai is a great model to start with. Compared to other models it's really easy to prompt
AOM3 also does really well, though it might be a little more difficult to guide
Berry Mix (Pre-mixed version here) can also work pretty well, depending on what you want to do. AFAIK it uses rule34 tags instead of danbooru, so it probably won't work all too well with prompts used for the above ones
Realistic
Uber Realistic Porn Merge is the only realistic model I know of that does hardcore stuff. It's unfortunate problem is that it's REALLY DAMN HARD TO USE
VAEs
VAEs are mostly used for finetuning colors, sharpness, what have you. Some models come with a VAE builtin, but for ones that don't, it's recommended to have one on hand.
"Anything VAE", "Orangemix VAE", and "NAI Leak VAE" are the same exact thing under different names. If you already have one on hand, don't bother with the others. Most VAEs are renamed versions or modifications of this one.
Waifu Diffusion's kl-f8-anime2 is also a pretty good one. It doesn't require Waifu Diffusion.
LoRAs teach models about concepts (characters, clothing, environments, style, ...) they might not know about. There are a LOT of them, so feel free to browse Civitai to find ones you might want.
LoRAs tend to be specific for families of models, or at the very least styles (using anime LoRAs on realistic models tend to be a bad idea), but there are a fair few that will work across the board.
Locon and LyCORIS are newer formats of LoRAs. Not sure on the technical differences between them, but they will not work out of the box and need an extension such as https://github.com/KohakuBlueleaf/a1111-sd-webui-lycoris to get working
Textual Inversions / Embeddings and Hypernetworks
These are mostly obsoleted by LoRAs. There are a few embeddings such as Deep Negative and EasyNegative that are still quite useful, but in most cases you'll want to use LoRAs instead.
I've been meaning to figure this out. So the commonly used ones are labeled WebUI, but just how much of the content goes to the web itself?
If I wanted to train on images that I don't want going online, will they? Or will the products that I create end up online, or does all this stay local?
By Web UI it means that the graphical part of it -- where you write your prompt and hit generate -- is running inside your browser and not as a separate window or command line. Everything is kept on your own computer unless you explicitly tell it to open up remote access.