Colorado oil and gas wells can’t fund their own cleanup. Taxpayers may foot the bill | A Carbon Tracker report shows the cost to safely shut down low-producing wells is $3bn more than what they earn
IDK about Texas, but in Alberta there's an Orphan Well fund that every company contributes to as part of their royalties that covers expected cleanup. And that's only bankrupt companies, if a solvent company shuts down a well, they pay to restore the land or the province does it and sues them for it.