OpenJK, although as with most "open source recreations" it requires the original to play. I still hop on multiplayer servers and fight it out every now and then, and I'll take any chance I can to shill the mod Movie Battles II which is the best multiplayer Star Wars shooter ever made.
Too many amazing moments and memories to even count, always more to learn. I love how the open source nature of the game means there's many different servers branching off from each other, running their own custom versions of the game. Smaller servers "downstream" pick and choose which features they want to keep when the upstream servers implement something new.
I don't know if it counts, but I think the source code of Freespace 2 was released eventually und a non-profit license. The community did some great things with it, especially the Blue Planet campaign.
I didn't see anyone mention Warzone2100 yet. An excellent RTS, with a neat research system and unit customisation, and fun campaign. They've recently added a couple of new campaigns I haven't played yet, and have enough ongoing dev work on skirmish/multiplayer that some AIs are listed as "X% win rate in AI matches".
Super Tux Kart (I play it on Android) is NOT one of them. The physics system is bad at some moments, the items aren't fun to use and some of them ruin the game. The overall game feels amateurish (in a bad way), but one thing that I like is the Windows Car and the drifting. Those are awesome.
I still haven't tried it, but I've heard how great Veloren apparently is. It's an MMO voxel game that takes inspiration from Zelda: Breath of the Wild and is written in Rust.
I asked this a while ago which is how I discovered Beyond All Reason which has been my FOSS game of choice as of late.
I'd also recommend Naev and Endless Sky (Both are based on the Escape Velocity Series, Naev is getting a 3D PBR renderer in the next release). Mindustry is good fun, actually purchased this one on steam to support the amazing developer. Extreme Tux Racer is a bit of fun and Super Tux Kart seems to get better with every update (did I mention it can run on the Nintendo Switch via homebrew!)
Edit: I forgot about 0ad and Minetest which I used to play a bit of a while back
Xonotic (quake-esque FPS, IMO its like quake and halo had a FOSS child), Minetest (a voxel game engine, multiple games are available for it), and Mindustry (sandbox tower defense) are the only ones ive tried so far
VCMI - it's re-written from scratch, open source, multiplatform Heroes 3 engine with many improvements and mods manager. It requires some files from the original game though.
It's definitely a work-in-progress title, but I have really enjoyed SuperTux Advance (AGPL-3.0 according to their github page). It's like SuperTux but with sliding, more playable characters, and more power ups. As of now it's probably my favorite OS game at the moment.
CrossCode is really good, but it isn't free. I need to look through my Steam library to see which other games might be open source too. This is the only one I'm aware of, really. ProtonDB might have a list of games that are open source. It's a great resource for checking compatibility if you're playing on Linux.