I am busy and don't have time to research all of the ways corporations have poisoned us.
What are some good rules on how to avoid microplastics?
Eat local foods?
Avoid processed foods?
Walk/bike?
Use dry soaps?
Don't use any take away containers?
Avoid walking near busy roads?
Use cotton/wool for all clothing?
Afaik it tends to concentrate further up the foodchain, so keeping meat, especially fish, out of your diet will help. Particularly filter feeders like shrimp and anything that eats those.
I'd also like to add that wrapping food in plastic reduces waste considerably, so you might want to look into that and balance your view against that.
It's better to look into it yourself, as I'm not knowledgeable on the topic.
Afaik a significant portion of all food is wasted by supermarkets, restaurants, and at home. Wrapping it in a thin foil keeps it fresh and extends shelf life considerably. So it's important to weigh all these things in order to find what's best environmentally.
Further, it might be the type of plastic that's safer for food and is trivial to recycle. It's also very thin and soft and so that might require a lot less resources to produce compared to harder and thicker plastics. For example a plastic bottle might contain more plastic than say the wrapping of 100s of paprika's. Just pulling those nrs from the air but it's just to give a rough idea.
Use only textiles made of cotton, wool or linen (I recommend linen in summer and wool in winter, since cotton isn't very good at conserving your body heat), look for a bamboo toothbrush, avoid foods in plastic packaging (this can sadly be difficult) and only put them in ceramic, metal or glass containers.
I assume your goal is to minimise the amount of microplastics inside your body, so the materials that touch your food are a priority. The amount of microplastics in your food or drink also depends on how long they are in contact with plastic. For example, if you have juice in a plastic bottle, drinking it right away or putting it in a plasticless container would probably result in less microplastics than storing it in the said bottle.
If you are more concerned about nature, try shopping at second-hand stores.
Do you have a source for this? Can hardly imagine putting leftovers in a tupperware style container will get microplastics in the food. Unless your scraping it like a wildman with utensils.
I read an article not that long ago that stated that they're in men's testicles and women's ovaries. In other words, they have become a part of your physical body and will become a part of the bodies of the next generation (likely several generations). They're unavoidable.
You can't outright, but you can at least try to minimize your exposure. Easiest way is to avoid buying products that use plastic packaging, especially if the product that you're planning to buy is food. Don't microwave plastics, even the supposedly "food safe" one - that releases a ton of microplastics into your food. Don't order takeout - again, lots of plastic in the containers. Even paper food containers contain a plastic coating.
Don't touch receipts, especially with wet hands. Or at minimum, wash your hands thoroughly after touching it
The receipt thing, is about the general carcinogenic properties of the thermal paper, and if anyone is a cashier that handles them regularly, wear gloves.
I'm going to take a different approach than most of the other comments here: you can't. Microplastics are in the air and a large chunk of it comes from car tire residue. You're breathing it, likely right now. Research is still in the early phases and we just don't know how bad it is yet, both from the proliferation and the impact side of things.
Some people here say space, but anything that takes you to space contains microplastics, in fact you yourself contain microplastic. The only way to avoid microplastics is simply to not exist at all. And I don't mean dying, when you die you still have microplastics in your body.
I've found bits of plastic trash in almost all of the potting soil I've bought. I'm at the point where I think a heavily filtered hydroponic setup is one of the only ways to really minimize microplastics.
The micro plastics are in the soil. If you live urban or suburban, your soil is likely more contaminated with micro plastics than food grown on a rural farm.
You can't completely avoid them, but avoiding plastic food/drink containers is an easy thing to do. Good for the environment too, not just your health.
The two most common sources of microplastics that enter your body are from the vessels you eat/drink from, and from particles in the air from things like clothes, carpets, furniture, linens.
How to avoid? Use stainless steel, aluminum, copper, (or other metals), ceramic, or glass storage vessels for things like water (including your Brita) for warming things in the microwave, or for storing food, and reduce buying things in plastic if you plan on keeping them there for awhile (eg glass ketchup bottle). Replace any plastic water pipes in your wall with good ol copper. My main water vessels are all stainless steel.
For particulate, consider air filtration, buy clothes/furniture/carpets made from natural animal/ sources like cotton, wool, bamboo, avoiding plastics like polyester. That includes your scrubbing utensil for dishes. Your carpets are probably made with some sort of plastic, so if it's too much to do hardwood, or replace with a natural fibre, the Dyson vacuums are good at getting out loose microplastics.
Be warned, one time I almost bought a stainless steel cup from a reputable retailer, and upon further investigation it was just plastic with a steel coating.. Yep, made in Communist China..
My take-aways from this article:
There's no good study on microplastics in humans.
They've tested "pristine" plastic on mice and it's pretty bad.
The plastics we're exposed to are loaded with chemicals and toxins.
She carries a stainless-steel water bottle and avoids plastic water bottles. She doesn’t microwave food in plastic containers and only uses glass, wood, or metal kitchen items, including mixing bowls, spoons, cutting boards, and food storage containers.
takes her shoes off to avoid tracking in dust from the outside and uses a HEPA filter to capture particles from the air.
Great point. Tires are one of the leading products polluting our environment and lungs.
This article also links to The Program on Reproductive Health and the Environment at UCSF which offers a guide for minimizing exposure to bad stuff. https://prhe.ucsf.edu/toxic-matters
Hunt your own food and wear the skins, but even animals have traces of microplastics now so might as well grow naked. traces of microplastics in soil, so that will transfer to any home grown food, so eating is out. you could try distilling your own water but that's the only sustenance you will have. After a few weeks of not eating you should be dead and that is the only true way to be free of microplastics.
All the plastic objects you listed are the long term cause of micro plastics. You don't get micro plastics from the plastic wrap on food or plastic straws. Micro plastics come from the straws thrown away that slowly break down into micro plastics over decades.
So avoid plastic to help the environment, but that won't change your micro plastics injested right now. It's in the food itself.
Avoiding plastic in your day to day might prevent leeching, which is nice, but you'll still encounter it in the natural environment.
The problem is the plastics never really chemically break down. They do undergo mechanical weathering though, so it all breaks down into smaller and smaller pieces over time. Eventually these particles are microscopic, and make their way into everywhere and everything it seems, from soil to rainwater to your breakfast cereal and your testicles.
You can probably filter it out of your water, I imagine reverse osmosis is likely effective since plastic molecules are somewhat chonky. A HEPA filter should get at least the larger particles out of the air. I don't know how effective it'd be with smaller particles, sometimes called nanoplastics. Avoiding synthetic fabrics probably would help somewhat, but I haven't read anything about this.
You can't get it out of your food though, we don't know enough yet about reliable ways we could keep plants from taking it up through their root systems. From plants it gets into the food chain, and much like mercury with fish, it'll likely end up concentrating in animals, like us. You could potentially grow your own food via aquaponics using filtered water and maybe keep it plastic-free, but this is a real reach here. And you're basically vegan now and have to literally grow all your own food.
Note, I'm largely speculating regarding methods.
Some reading material, this first one is about plant uptake:
The main ways you're exposed to microplastics is through ingestion and breathing it in.
To limit ingestion, yes the main thing to do is to avoid food and drink that comes in plastic containers. Reducing your consumption of processed foods will help with this. Eating mostly produce is a simpler way to approach this. Even though produce may often be transported in plastic, if you wash it before consumption you'll have done pretty well. Ideally you would also have a reverse osmosis filter at home, as your water probably has microplastics as well (but less than bottled water!).
To limit breathing it in, yes avoid frequent exposure to busy roads. They are often full of tire dust that is getting kicked up. This is cumulative, though. Walking by a busy street once is no big deal. Walking along one twice a day may add up.
Overall, however, to address microplastics we will have to control the production of plastics and the use of plastics in the first place. For example, there would be a lot less tire dust if we used more rail to get around. And there would be less need for bottled water if water fountains were ubiquitous and so were standardized stainless steel water bottles. In addition, we could use biodegradable plastics for more packaging so that they don't accumulate in bodies or the environment.
But this last point, despite being the only real solution, will literally require the overthrow of capitalism. I'm for this and am happy to talk about it more, but it is a lot.
"Plastic came out of the Earth; the Earth probably sees plastic as just another one of its children. Could be the only reason the Earth allowed us to be spawned from it in the first place: it wanted plastic for itself, didn’t know how to make it, needed us. Could be the answer to our age-old philosophical question: “Why are we here?” Plastic, assholes!"
Avoid anything that comes in plastic packaging and distill your own water. You will still need to drink normal water but I can't imagine any municipality is currently equipped to deal with microplastic so reducing your intake is probably a good idea.
Short of moving somewhere very rural and growing all your own food, it is close to impossible.
As a resident in a pretty rural area you might want to avoid moving to rural areas due to increased cancer rates due to pesticide use and poor water conditions. But don't you worry about our poor corporations that are wrecking shit, our lovely governer passed legislation that prevents people from suing them. though her and the corporations assure us there is nothing to worry about. They pinky sweared and everything.