Just go with a Framework 13. Yes it's 13 inch instead of 12 inch. But you will get the best possible Linux laptop out there. And it's also fully repairable and upgradable. I have the latest Framework 13 AMD 7040, yes AMD. And... do not forget to select the new 2.8k display. Allowing for the first time to just select 200% DPI scaling that just works for Linux! So no scaling issues.! https://frame.work/nl/en/products/laptop-diy-13-gen-amd/configuration/new
Framework laptop 13 is just a bit above 1kg. It's 1.3kg... It is worth weighing this choice (you get the joke? hah, guhmm). If you really need something super compact and very light, maybe a old-school "netbook" will do.
Like the GPD WIN Mini (7 inch, that is super compact, right?).. But really get a Framework laptop hehe.
Your best bet is an Intel Macbook Air with 11.6" screen from a few years ago. They're even lighter and smaller than the current macbook airs. I have one myself running Linux Mint 22. Just make sure it has 8 GB of RAM (it works with 4 GB too, but you can't have too many tabs open). They sell for $200 refurbished.
I have the mid-2011 model, but that one has only 4 GB RAM. For 8 GB RAM you need to get to 2014 model or so. As long as it's Macbook Air with 8 GB RAM and 11.6 screen, you're in business.
It usually all works except the wifi in some models. The driver exists, and it's an available download in the official repos (just not in live cds, due to licensing), as long as you have a usb-to-ethernet adapter to install it. However, with Mint 22 I noticed that the wifi driver was finally included in the kernel and livecd by default.
I just put DSL2024 on mine a few months ago, it works okay lol. Can't do much more than use the terminal or edit text but it's pretty fun to use the old hardware again. My only complaint is the zero key sticks.
Fwiw I used to daily an x210 and then an x230 in IT and pretty frequently typed with one hand while carrying with another without the weight bugging me but your mileage may vary.
You can definitely send them flying and not damage them my coworker launched theirs across the office and the bezel just snapped back together.
I have a T480 now since I do more dev work and needed a slightly bigger keyboard/screen and it's phenomenal with Qubes and 48gb of memory on the quad core i5. Love the ease to repair I just swapped a motherboard on it in around 30 minutes and was back up and running
If you can stretch to a 13 incher (no pun intended), LG gram might be your best bet. Around 965 gram weight, reasonably priced, can run Linux without any problem.
Framework is amazing (I have a 7840u 13in) but they're expensive. 100% worth it to me as an enthusiast and IT professional but possibly not for someone less interested in the tech itself.
But it is not quite a laptop, expensive and very powerful - not sure if that suits you.
Linux wise, most of the stuff works (sleep, power profiles, volume buttons, fingerprint reader, face recognition, pen, touchscreen).
Things that don't work are automatic rotate/accelerometer.
I'm super happy with it, running arch, doing development and using VMs.
I use a Samsung Tab 9. Then supplement with a server running VSCode-server and other things. I would prefer Linux, and sometimes use TermuxX11, but it was the best I could come up with.
You can get em with 16gb of ram. They were all 8th gen or tenth gen intel processors and the 8th gen and up igpus shred 1080 in my experience. I use a laptop with an 8th gen to stream several sources at once.
The only issue you’re gonna run into is storage, but I use external or networked storage for everything anyways.
Did yours overheat really badly? My 11th gen i5 pavilion did. Repaste, everything. Just ran super hot on battery. It'd kick on the fan and goodbye battery
Ah, so it does [1]. Apologies! Perhaps another older Thinkpad has a 12" screen? From what I've heard, and from my experience with my own T460, they're usually pretty solid laptops, so if you could find one with the specs that you are seeking, I would say that it's worth considering.