Parking fines follow the costs-by-cause principle. Thus, qualifying them makes their size dependent on their damage.
Parking in a fire department safety zone resulting in a delayed fire response can be costly, but even if no fire response was delayed, there's an opportunity cost for the fire department, because they need to buy way-clearing devices or extended fire response tools, if there is high likelihood of blocked zones or passage.
There is a whole department of economic science dealing with this, the internalisation of external costs into economic activity (carbon tax is an example).
The city of Aomori, which sees heavy snow every year, started a trial in a swimming pool at an abandoned elementary school in December [2022] to explore the feasibility of producing energy by utilizing the temperature difference between stored snow and the surrounding air.
According to Forte, challenges include finding a large-scale facility to store snow as well as securing heated air during cold seasons.
Some bodies came up with requiring newly built housing to have planned in a renewable energy source. The idea is that those who build are investing into the future already and gathered large amounts of capital anyway. The disadvantage is the creation of a mid-term disincentive for housing construction, so keeping the housing supply in control might be more crucial. This method is also slow.
That means you, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia...