Well, not as much as Russia yet. But you have worse healthcare than even Uzbekistan. Not that Uzbek's healthcare is bad, just that you have worse than in Asia.
WhatsApp wasn't the first to open up but that makes sense given it has a few billion active users and an open E2EE encryption protocol is really difficult to implement.
It's rather easy. Especially if you deal with 1-to-1 chats. S/MIME exists since 1995 and it's not even first E2EE protocol. Like PGP. Double Ratchet E2EE proto that is used in signal, wa and matrix was created in 2013 for Signal. Although Olm(Matrix) uses sligtly different cryptoprimitives from Signal, WA and OMEMO proto.
because they are based on another person's copyrighted material.
Then everything is fair-use because everything is based on another person's copyrighted material.
if someone is selling the fics, that person is violating the copyright of the original author (but not necessarily that of the fic author).
Also not true. Copyright protects form, not content. If you publish content in another medium(for example oroginal was cartoon and you publish book), then no sane country's court will rule against you because another medium is good proof that work is not even just modified form.
USSA: "Education shall not pass"