If they do background checks and you list it on your resume / hiring paperwork, they all do.
I used to work as a team lead on a call center help desk that had literally no requirements to get the job outside of a 10 question "technical interview" that features questions such as "can you name three programs that are a part of the Microsoft office suite" and periodically we would have new hires get fired once their background check returned that they lied about having a degree that they don't actually have.
I don't know why they lied - degrees aren't even requested or required for getting the job, but they did and lying on anything that came up on the background check was an immediate termination
I've had jobs with background checks and they still didn't care. Maybe in technical fields they do, but I'm in media/marketing/advertising design and production and they have never given a shit.
Yes, transcripts are rare. No one really cares what your grades were as long as you get the degree. Checking that you got the degree you claimed you did is not rare. But you don't have to do anything extra to prove that; it'll show up in the background check that pretty much every employer runs.