Update small system components (packages) and load the old into ram until rebooting; I don't think this is possible on windows.
A/B Image Based Updating; Android and a few Linux distros have this; probably one of the most stable methods.
Live boot updates/Kernel-space Hot Patching; found mostly in Linux servers, and distros with a patched kernel; used mostly for security updates which is what windows is doing here, but Linux can do feature updates this way too.
Windows is very lazy about reboots. Minesweeper changed? Better reboot.
Chrome also got infected with this laziness. It used to be that you had to restart chrome once a month, now it's almost every day. Among many other reasons, that's why I'm happy to be using Firefox again.
The chrome OS is method is pretty cool having a mirrored partitions the one not being used gets updated if there's an error the other one gets booted and reverted