On my work laptop (surface pro) I get these popups randomly. Usually it happens when I restart or after an update. On my home laptop (also surface pro), I mostly get them when I need to open Edge or another program from home that I use for work. Usually because it's not set as the default. It happened enough that on my personal home laptop (which I'm choosing not to update to windows 11), I actually edited the registry to stop it from suggesting Bing, Edge, and Windows 11. On my work laptop I can't do that (no administrator access) so I see these things all the time. Full screen popups for Windows 11 (which has compatibility issues with some of the software I use for work), switch to edge popups (usually when I open a PDF in Adobe or similar), that kind of thing. I didn't set the defaults on the work laptop. It was issued to me this way. I am using it as the company I work for has intended and at up via their IT department.
To be fair though, I've seen Google do similar in Chrome when my default browser is set to Firefox at home. I have chrome for the occasional Google service I use that may require it for added use case. But it's not the default. Gmail is good for this. I see popup ads for Google Fi (which I use) all the time. Same with drive and the YouTube premium ads are everywhere. That's also not okay but at least it's just in the browser. I don't see this nonsense Everytime I wake the computer from sleep mode.
I'm in the US and the only time I see mention of edge is when installing windows and then again when changing my default browser, which is kinda silly but not something I bother wasting mental energy to care about when it's something that shows up once and then never again. I would love to see legislation in the US match what some of the European countries have but considering how things could be, it's of least concern to me. I paid for Windows once in my life via an OEM license I ordered from a German retailer and I've had about 16 or so computers since then and all of those have either been custom built machines, used computers, or parted together boxes so if they want to bug me about installing their browser which effectively will recoup revenue based on data from me which varies from useless to misleading and probably becomes a net negative and moves them further from their goal. Then sure, I don't mind clicking that "no thank you" button
I assume it's just a test they're running on specific groups of people just to see how effective it is in getting people to switch. I've never had any of these types of things happen to me either, so, yeah.