I'm having the same issue at work at the moment. When I connect to my dual monitor setup at work, all my usb devices stop working. Mouse, keyboard, the internal camera, monitors... All dead till you reboot, then they work for 10 Minutes again.
Now i have the same Monitor setup at home, no issues here. Mind you, it's a Lenovo ThinkPad with Lenovo monitors and it worked for years without issues.
The Lenovo technician told our IT guy that's because my monitor setup at home is another generation with a different chipset in the usb hub/switch.
After giving us a few tips that didn't work, like disconnecting the Monitors from power for a minute or using a different port on the notebook they defaulted to "You're shit out of luck because the support ends after 4 years" - The monitors are 4 years old.
Please see if either the work or home dock will take a firmware update and find any laptop firmware updates with Lenovo Vantage (available in Microsoft Store). You may need to disconnect from the dock to do the laptop firmware update(just leave connected to power), or it can freeze on restart
Thanks for your input. I think there's some software bug causing this, the same hardware worked without issues for years and now, not all of us are affected (all devs are using the same laptop)
Anyways, I won't waste too much time analyzing this, I'm doing mostly home office as a workaround and the ops guys are going to take a look next week.