I was playing a game, alt-tabbing froze my system so I waited a bit and then rebooted by using the button on the case, since I couldn't do differently.
It now throws an error when mounting a drive: error mounting /dev/sdb1 at /media/user/local disk 1: unknown error when mounting (udisks-error-quark, 0)
This drive doesn't have anything I was using on it, since it's a media storage drive. I booted up Windows on my second drive and it can see and access this one without problems. How to fix?
There is none. NTFS is a filesystem you should only use if you need Windows compatibility anyways. Eventhough Linux natively supports it these days, it's still primarily a windows filesystem.
If it's just the dirty flag (it was uncleanly unmounted) you can try
ntfsfix -d /dev/sdc1
Still probably better to boot into Windows and let it deal with it (ntfs tools are still reverse engineered stuff after all), and check journalctl before doing it, but it works in a pinch.
I've always just dropped down into a different virtual terminal with CTRL+ALT+F#, killed the bad process and/or just rebooted from there. Is that not a thing anymore? I haven't had to do it in so long because of improved stability and not using the DE on my server much, so maybe I'm out of the loop.
Firstly, check the logs directly to get a more concise error that we can analyse. journalctl is the standard systemd logging client you can use in the terminal. By specifying the unit (units can be socket files, timers, services) you can get logs specifically for said unit.
journalctl -u udisks2.service
You can also specify binary, if said binary logs to journalctl, like so (if the binary path exists):
journalctl /usr/lib/udisks2/udisksd
You can also check kernel messages (dmesg) by using the -k flag, like so:
journalctl -k
You can utelize flags such as -e to scroll to the end of a journal, -f to follow a journal in realtime and utelize the -p flag to set priorities like error, crit, warning (-o error) and others to filter away common journal entries so you don't have to scroll through every line in the log.
Secondly, and this is gonna sound weird, but reboot into windows twice. The first time you boot windows run diskchk on the partition(s) in terminal/powershell/command as administrator. If it tells you it needs to do an offline scan, reboot and you'll see an offline diskchk screen on boot before login. If not, reboot again into windows anyways, and then reboot into Linux.
The reason is that NTFS has a weird failsafe flag that NTFS on Linux considers a no-go, and it's usually set if the system crashes more than twice, but not always. If Linux NTFS drivers see the flag, it won't mount as a precaution. The only way to reset the flag is to reboot in windows twice. Not once, not three times, but twice.
This might be outdated info, but that was the fact some years ago. There might be a way to fix it with modern day Linux, but I don't know, especially when I have no direct and informative errors to go by.