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That is partly correct. Wayland is not based on X.org. There is nothing rewritten, removed or simplified. It's an entirely new design, new code with a different license. And X11 isn't written by a single developer. XFree86 was started by 3 people, got maintained by an incorporated and then became X.org and sponsored by an industry consortium (the X.Org Foundation). Many many people and companies contributed. The rest is correct. It grew too complex and maintenance is a hassle. Wayland simplifies things and is a state of the art approach. Nobody removed features but they started from zero so it took a while to implement all important features. As of today we're almost there and Wayland is close to replacing X11.
Also, doesn't Wayland do things x11 can't, or did badly, like Variable refresh rate ?
Fractional scaling (per-display), input isolation...
And it will become more as development focuses on Wayland. If you look at X11's release history, there is (and has been for quite some time) only the most important things going on. That doesn't necessarily mean things are impossible to do with X11. But it's just the way things are once something slowly gets replaced by something else.
That is the definition of a rewrite, no? They started from scratch. Otherwise it would be a refactor, cleanup or overhaul.
And yes, it was more than one developer but Wayland was largely started by at-the-time X maintainers.
Hmmh, to me rewriting something means something like writing it again, or revising it. But it's entirely new, not based on the predecessor, they didn't have the old code or architecture in mind and it ended up in a different place with different features. So I don't see a "re-", just a "write". I'd say it's the same category of software (display servers / -protocols) but entirely different and independent from each other. I'd use the word 'rewrite' if they were dependent on each other in some form or if one was meant to replicate the other one.
I think that's generally the point of a rewrite. To start from scratch with a better architecture. If you weren't changing the architecture then you can probably just keep incrementally improving it.
When you do a rewrite you want to create the same product as before just with better code / architecture. That's not what Wayland tries to do.
Yes, but the word rewrite implies that it would serve the same function and retain compatibility.
If someone wrote a new implementation of the x protocol, as a drop in replacement for the existing x.org server, you might call that a rewrite.
Wayland is an entirely different solution to the same problem. It doesn't follow the x protocol, and doesn't maintain compatibility with the x.org server.
Took me long enough to learn what actually was the issue. Thanks for explaining! :)
Similar to SystemD, a lot of the "other group of people" sometimes are people simply whinging too.
Like I saw one case where someone simply didn't want to upgrade their workflow.. And there were still people talking about Network Transparency as though it is something that has worked well on X11 within the last literally 20 years, or talking about standards.
That doesn't mean its perfect. But, when you say "feature Parity", there are features with Wayland which X11 hasn't caught up with, such as no massive gaping security issues. I'm not sure "feature parity" with X11 is a good idea, because don't forget, Xorg implements a print server too. A lot of the stuff simply needs to be implemented by the desktop environments.
But I agree, at the moment, its really whether about if we break some stuff temporarily, or keep waiting.. In my opinion though, the longer we wait, the longer the transition will take.
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You haven't actually read that article which keeps getting reposted did you?
Some of it is stuff like "not all window managers do xxx", a lot of it is "my specific app (which might even be commercial and rather than bug the company who in paid thousands of dollars, let's blame Wayland). And yeah, should we wait until every window manager is 100% until we do anything. That's a generic statement, and they don't name them for a reason.
Oh, I use xkill, and it doesn't work. Well yeah, and you shouldn't necessarily be using it in xorg these days either lol
There are some valid things, but if you read through a lot of the beginning, it's actually just an opinion running around in circles.
You could literally halve that list pretty easily
And some things like DRM lease, I looked up, and it is supported by xwayland these days.
Some of it is stuff like "if the window manager crashes, you'll lose your session". Well yeah, that code would be in xorg instead, so it could crash there instead
Many xorg developers have also basically called xorg hot garbage..
It's funny how that keep saying xorg supports xxx. But if we look at the history, stuff like compiz and dri and such was basically tacked on. And that's the problem. Xorg was never designed for GPUs. It was designed for VGA cards like Tseng labs
It does some things better in Wayland already. The 15 year delay was in part because of NVIDIA screwing everyone around, and wasn't the fault of Wayland
If we're going to get pedantic about app support like the article, waydroid is broken on xorg as an example...
Actually, looking through it again, and its even more hilarious when I take a second look.
Another good example "Wayland is biased toward Linux and breaks BSD". The reference is from the NetBSD blog. The Netbsd marketshare is huge, so it's really important everyone holds back for them. The funny thing is that even gnome is missing features on NetBSD: https://wiki.netbsd.org/GNOME/ . So, should Wayland fix their OS for them?
To be clear for 90% of that whole link you've posted, it isn't the Wayland Development teams responsibility to pick up slack on other projects. It sucks that they won't be there for the beginning of the transition, but, if we transition earlier, they'll prioritise getting their crap together
On X I can do everything, on Wayland I can't:
- Enable hardware acceleration in some apps
- Games have greater latency
- Some games shadowing under wayland
- Nvidia sometimes crashes. Their "nvidia-open" driver doesn't work with Wayland at all
Half of what you said are either issues with your current compositor's implementation or Nvidia driver related issues, since Wayland on both KWin and Mutter under AMD don't present any of these issues, atleast for me, while I had the latency issue you mention with my older 3080 card.
The protocol is still under development after 25 years yes, but at the end of the day you vote with your wallet, and Nvidia clearly doesn't give a shit about open-source or Linux as a whole since we're a minority.
You're mixing this around. It's Nvidia that doesn't support Wayland, not the inverse.
Bit like saying "Linux doesn't support Photoshop" instead of "Photoshop doesn't support Linux"
Every time I learn more about what Wayland can't do, I learn of even more critical stuff that doesn't work
no screenshots? really? who approved this trashfire as default. That's about as ridiculous as no global hotkeys
That's not what Wayland is like these days - screenshots etc have been implemented for years now
The point they're making is that, as a totally distinct project, every single feature had to be implemented from scratch. It's not a fast process, especially relying on volunteer labour
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Wayland does only do the most basic stuff and leaves everything else to the compositor (aka Gnome or KDE). That means every compositor will implement their own hacky version of the missing functionality and it takes ages until that gets unified again, so that apps can actually use that functionality.
Would this functionality be mostly the same? Could they get together to make a shared libcompositor that implements the bulk of the functionality? Or is it so tied to specifics of the desktop environment that there's little commonality. In which case, Wayland not doing it would be the right call.
I think wlroots is the standardized thing. Many WMs use it but desktops need to switch over to it afaik. I think KDE talked about doing this for plasma.
I am unsure what wlroots really is and maybe its not a libcompositor you were talking about but similar.
This is exactly what it is.
that's something
I've heard that synergy/barrier/etc doesn't work though and that is critical for my daily workflow so I won't be switching until it is supported
I'm confused by this. I'm on EndeavourOS with KDE. It had an all called spectacle which takes screen shots perfectly fine. Does X11 have a screen shot function built in?
With X, any program can capture the entire screen. The Wayland protocol does not allow this, so each DE must implement it separately. You're using KDE's screenshot feature, not Wayland's, and other screenshot tools may not work if they don't support KDE's custom protocol for screen capture.
wait so you're telling me I'm gonna be forced to use spectacle on wayland if I use KDE?
You will have to use a KDE compatible screenshot tool.
sighh, that sucks
does this go for pretty much all programs, like say an email client too? or is there a limit to this?
Only those that must interact with non-standard Wayland protocols, such as screen capture tools (like OBS), clipboard managers, WM utilities like xdotool... Other programs such as email clients or text editors are unaffected.
However, this is a non-issue as far as most users are concerned. There are only a handful of implementations (basically, GNOME, KDE, and wlroots which is used by most Wayland WMs) and most modern programs which require specific support to work are all compatible.
still frustrating as all hell, these programs just worked on x11
also Synergy/Barrier/etc dont work yet and would need "non standard" protocols. Pretty critical for me
I am an enduser and I just expect things to work, but one of the most critical things of my setup wont
You do realize you're allowed to still use X11, right?
I will be forced to, but x11 is no longer being developed, so its not very secure to do so
additionally, Wayland is going to be default on kde, and Im not sure if that means that it'll be default for me too if I update
not to mention that with it default on KDE, I'll be running into more and more bugs that just, will not be fixed, because "use Wayland" will be the new response to bug reports (GNOME actively does this with a critical GTK4/libadwaita bug)
the point is, Wayland is being rushed and was never ready for default
I'm told screenshots now work on wayland. The idea was that spectacle would not have worked on wayland because of how locked down it is
I’m on Wayland, KDE plasma with Fedora 39. I take screenshots all the time.
yes, using spectacle I imagine
I use different software, apparently that matters
I understand what you mean now. You have to wait for the software developer to update the tool you use for compatibility with Wayland. Will it run under xwayland?