I have been computer free for probably 15ish years until I recently bought and set up a RPi4 with Linux. It’s been fun but I’m not really a super user so I’m looking to back to Windows as my main OS.
is antivirus a necessity? I will be gaming and streaming on my new setup.
If you stay away from sketchy sites and don't click every link that says "DOWNLOAD NOW", Windows Defender and a web browser with ad-blockers should do their job well enough.
And if you buy a pc with windows preinstalled, remove any anti virus software free trial bullshit that cones with it. Just use Windows defender as it is already enough for most use cases
I don't think dedicated antivirus software is really required anymore. I haven't run third-party AV software on any of my systems in the last decade.
On Windows, the built-in Windows Defender is good enough for most use cases. When it first launched Defender had a pretty bad track record at stopping viruses, but now it routinely ranks at the top.
On Linux, antivirus software has never really been required. One major exception I can think of would be if you're running a file server or mail server that talks to OSX or Windows systems. Even then the AV software isn't really there to protect the server, it's there to make sure you don't pass malware or viruses to those non-Linux clients.
Generally speaking, in reverse order of strength of argument:
Linux is built a little more securely. There's a ton of caveats here but it is generally harder to privilege escalate. (inb4 someone sends me a list of escalation attacks)
The user base is generally more security conscious (i.e. doesn't just run random executables)
Doesn't have the same attack surface (like default exploitable services)
The ecosystem isn't a monoculture so it's harder to build one-size-fits-all malware
The market share is so low that it's rarely ever a target of malware
Mostly it just doesn't make sense for attackers looking for low hanging fruit to attack Linux machines.
There are some viruses that have targeted Linux, but they're rare compared to other platforms and their ability to spread is relatively low. One of the main reasons is just down to how software tends to be installed on each platform. Viruses have an easier time spreading on Windows or OSX where users are more accustomed to downloading an executable and running it. Once there's a malicious running process, it has a comparatively high chance to spread because it can attempt to escalate its privileges either by exploiting a bug or socially engineering the user to click through a privilege escalation prompt. That entire workflow is practically nonexistent on Linux, users just don't tend to download and execute random binaries. Instead most Linux software gets delivered in one of these ways, each of which has impediments that reduce the chance a virus could spread:
through an OS repo; it would be difficult for a malicious actor to get a virus through the release process and into a trusted repo
through a public source like Github; again it would be difficult for a malicious actor to get a virus into public source code without someone noticing
through a container image from an image library like DockerHub; I believe a malicious container would be sandboxed, making it hard if not impossible for that container to take over the host system
through an application image like a snap, flatpak or appimage; again, I believe these run in their own sandbox from which they would have difficulty breaking out
There are some exceptions, for example some companies like Hashicorp will distribute their stuff as precompiled binaries. Even in that case you're probably fine as long as you don't run the downloaded binary as root. Users in the habit of downloading strange binaries from sketchy places and running them as root just aren't very common among the Linux userbase. I'm sure there are some (and they should really stop doing that), but there aren't enough of them to allow a virus to spread unchecked.
Like others have said, Windows Defender, but also an ad blocker extension for your web browser. I'd recommend Ad Nauseam -which is ublock origin under the hood- and Firefox over Chrome. All of those are free.
+ for Bitdefender. It autobooted into a safe mode when a virus was executed, and removed it automatically (For a friend). It also has a bunch of qol features. Deleting a file unrecoverably. Looking at internet traffic to suspicious ips. I also didn't really pay for it, so tell me if you need tips on getting it.
What everyone said about Windows Defender and an AdBlock is all correct.
... Just beware that if you're a pirate, Windows Defender is often a pain in the fucking ass. I swear it false-positives literally every piracy tool no matter what it is.
If you suspect you did catch a bug, you should get Malwarebytes and AdwClean. Run them. Uninstall after the cleanup is done.
Windows Defender should be more than good enough for most users. Just make sure to use an adblocker (such as UBlock Origin), only visit HTTPS sites as much as you can (you should see a lock in the corner of the URL bar on most browsers) and ensure you always virus-scan programs you downloaded before running them.
Also, exercise caution on the Internet in general. Never just click "yes" when a program asks for admin permission - make sure you check exactly which program is trying to do it and that the publisher is reasonable. Never exit read-only mode on Office-suite documents unless you know the document is for-sure safe (exiting read-only mode allows macros to run).
Doing all of this, Windows Defender should do fine. I'm assuming 99% of this is common sense for you though, since you've already found your way to the Fediverse!
Windows Defender is the default anti virus solution on Windows by now and it is good. But no anti virus is perfect. It is a good idea to have a backup strategy if you plan on having any important data on your PC. In case of encryption malware and hardware problems.
Phishing is also very problematic practice that the anti virus can't protect you from and even experts can fall into the traps. So you have to be careful with your account credentials.
Don't disable Windows updates or postpone them indefinitely (though windows makes that harder to do anyways). Also be aware that your PC might need firmware updates too to stay secure. It depends on the manufacturer of your hardware how and if these are provided and how you install them.
Lastly I can recommend using Firefox with uBlock Origin. Using an ad blocker can help you stay safer and Firefox has very good support for them.
In that same study, ClamAV performed relatively well at detecting certain types of malware in certain types of files (E.g. docx files, dil files, elf files, doc files and exe files), but was less effective in detecting malware in jar files, js files, vbs files, z files, rar files, and xlsb files. In addition, ClamAV performed well to detect a few top level categories of malware like Trojans & Botnets but performed poorly on other malware types like Crypto Miners, RATs and Info Stealers.
To your condescending answer I'll add my "you're too young, son" answer.
The thing is, I remember when using Windows without Internet was mostly safe. You'd ask your friend if they scanned their empty floppy for viruses and that was it. And in the early days of dial up you only got virus if you were careless and download and run free suspect exe files.
Depending on your Linux OS there are a few good free options but look up firewalld. I think it's the best free Linux firewall, pretty much the Linux Windows defender but obviously better. Sorry no one actually read your post and just recommended Windows defender lol
Yeah I’m going to run VM because I do enjoy working via the terminal, and I quite like the “hands on” feeling of Linux. I think some of my woes are just due to the fact I’m using a SBC as my main computer.
For years I always defaulted to Avast until it literally blocked Halo Infinite from running without any warnings or explanation so I finally looked into it—windows defender is fine. Basically all antivirus programs have become what they claim to defend against—malware. Likely the only actual defense you need these days is a VPN but that’s really only if you’re up to some shady shit to begins with, such as wanting to protect your privacy.
Actually no, a VPN does not protect your computer at all.
Edit: Neither your privacy. You’re mostly tracked though cookies and other identifiers on the application level. A VPN only helps to hide your IP address on the network layer, but you don’t really need that.
In any case, the risk of you catching a virus using Linux is somewhat unlikely, they exist, but they’re usually more targeted… like going after servers.
Just practice good digital hygiene, keep safe backups and don’t worry about it,