Only your instance host could monitor your personal metrics and fingerprinting. These are what are so invasive with big tech.
Everything you post here as content is public and can be scraped you should assume everything will be mined for data.
They can't see your IP, dwell time, votes, what you read, what you didn't read, and most importantly they can't inject content into a structured echo chamber and observe how you react.
If you host a federated instance you can see all votes. Some platforms display votes in the UI (kbin I thought? by hovering over the vote button or score). I figure it's only a matter of time before someone puts up a website to just see people's votes.