I'd like to have my apps as tiles within a full-screen view (ideally called via pressing the Windows button on the keyboard) in Linux, pretty much the Windows Metro look as seen above. I have all the icon files and just need to link them to the apps themselves. Might you know of a way to do that?
The move makes some sense in context. Computer sales were declining and it was looking (if you're Cueball) as if the traditional desktop/laptop computer was about to die out. The Surface was being developed, tablets were all the rage, PC gaming wasn't that big yet, and so Microsoft thought "alright, K/B+mouse is out, touchscreens are in, we need to update our interface to cater for this new demographic, but we'll still allow people to use a keyboard and mouse if they really want to I guess". That's when they went all in with Windows-On-ARM (remember Windows RT?) as well.
Obviously a completely missed shot in retrospect. What Microsoft miserably failed to understand is that smartphones were in, but touch screen interfaces are absolutely awful for power users. Ya can't really use Excel or write a book on a touchscreen. And ya don't need to pay for a Windows license to browse Facebook, Twitter, and passively consume some news and video. So the "middle segment" of tablets never really had broad appeal in general, and Surface tablets especially were the middle segment of a middle segment (with android/chromebooks on one side and the iPad on the other) so the Metro UI never had a chance to make sense for more than a handful of very lonely Surface users. No wonder they scrapped it a few years later when sales of touchscreen windows devices failed to materialize.
I like that for Windows phones. I still have one. Screen space is saved. You choose the app you want on the main screen from a clean list instead of an icon profusion. Nowadays all phones interfaces are the same and less good than the Windows Phone interface.
Its cool on phones, but I admit, I don't need that on PC.
KDE has some app launchers that look just like this, but last time I tried them, they were a little buggy🫠
But yeah, I think that would be your best bet. A good Win 8 style launcher for KDE and Kwin rules to make all apps launch fullscreen automatically.
I use rofi (on my machine with dmenu theme) and after some digging I found this: https://github.com/Dartegnian/rofi-metro
You may use this on any distro as there are very few dependencies to run this simple launcher :)
I don't have a particular DE in my mind that offers this feature out of the box, but if one offers that, then it's KDE.
Search for it in their application starter menu section, there's one for sure!
Question is: why do you want that?
It's wrong to judge one for their taste, that's sure. To be fair, I even liked the W8 menu when it came out.
The problem with it is, that it creates a "dive in"-effect, similar to when you enter a room and then forget what you wanted in the first place.
I personally would recommend you Vanilla Gnome.
It has a similar, simplistic design language and the overview creates the opposite effect. Instead of the "enter a new room", the activity overview disconnects you from your current task and makes task switching easier while not forgetting what you originally wanted.
Are there any other reasons for why you chose the menu?
I'm coming from a place of complete ignorance on this, but I'm guessing this would be a straightforward gnome extension. The app menu is almost this already