Yes and no. The "win" condition is building and launching a rocket to space. There's minimal additional content after that but it doesn't stop you from playing. You can always just keep building and improving your factory to keep launching rockets faster and faster. The developer is working on an extension where you keep playing on different planets and in space so pretty soon it'll take even longer to "win".
It's a issue I have with most factory games, or even games like Minecraft. I really enjoy mid-late game. Early game is almost always a slog... an important and fun one the first time, but after the first time...