Half of the native apps can be uninstalled with a right click.
Almost everything else can be removed by using Winget.
The very few components marked as absolutely not removable, like Edge and EdgeCore, can be removed by removing TrustedInstaller's inherited permissions. But if you do, you'll quickly realize they weren't lying when they said those core components are important for the system.
You're thinking about anti-trust decisions back in the Internet Explorer days, and even after those, Windows always shipped with some version of a web view based on their browser, and always will.
That's because it's not an app. Do "Winget list" and you'll see it's not there.
It's part of the shell. Open it up, look at task manager, and you'll see it's not spawning new processes. Which also mean it's irrelevant - it doesn't add any background tasks, modifies any files or in anyway interfere with the users. It's quite literally just an icon created by the shell.
Do you use Android? Chrome is the native WebView that a good chunk of your apps use. Without deep modifications, you can't use another webview.
Do you use iOS? Safari not only renders any HTML component on any app, it's also the engine behind every single browser on the OS - Chrome on iOS is Safari with different clothing.
Do you use an Xbox? A PlayStation? I could go on.
While Linux does indeed handle this differently, with most apps bundling their own web rendering engine, Windows and many other systems use one main core browser that other apps call when they need web pages. This is got many advantages and many disavantages. If you dislike it, fair enough - but let's not pretend this is unusual or somehow unjustifiable.
Its more of the dependency chain. I wouldn't consider tying your taskbar, web browser, and other microservices together like that a good thing in any ecosystem. Its not really the fact that removing system files breaks your system. Its that the taskbar and web browser should not be considered Core. People want to choose and not have their non-choice staring at them with their new gurl from the sidelines.
Most things are probably fine, though Windows updates might do something funky or just put it back from where you threw out that trash.
But Edge is a different story. Microsoft in their infinite wisdom decided to make Edge, their web browser, essential for Windows Explorer, their file manager and desktop among other things, to function properly.
So if you get rid of Edge, things can get kinda fucky. I haven't looked into if someone has made a workaround, I know that there are modified "debloated" Windows installs that do some heavy duty mucking about in there, but I don't know if anyone's figure out how to give Edge the ax without making your desktop freak out.