I mean, the projected winner maps aren't the US government's decision, it's what whatever news your watching has modelled as settled with an acceptable margin of error based on current information. Realistically they could have called most of the states months ago with that same error, some organizations just veil it more
The votes will be counted before electors are appointed. The news networks are just calling it in advance whenever it's clear which way it will go. It's their job.
News orgs call states based on a combination of polls and vote counts. States that poll significantly in one direction or the other are typically called early in that direction because the outcome is not in doubt
No, there's no need here. I'm sure they have some votes counted, but they have a model and if the votes match the model they can, with pretty good confidence, call it early. There wasn't a chance here really and when they see the votes start going the predicted direction they know nothing crazy happened to flip it.
I voted Harris in Utah. I had been trying to convince everyone I could that she was a better option than being complicit in Trump taking office again, and of roughly 12 people I was working on, I think I might have convinced a single person to swing to Harris, the rest went with Chase Oliver or wrote in someone they knew. 🙄
AP also showed some states red or blue with no vote tallies. Notably, at 11pm EST, California turned solid blue immediately on the AP map, surprising no one.