Up close and personal? I can't even begin to describe it. It's not even so much a smell as it feels like acid burning your nostrils and eyes and simultaneously stomach churning so you want to gag or vomit until it is cleaned off. I would rather fall face first in a fresh cow pie than be sprayed by a skunk again.
Quite literally. Human and other mammal scent receptors are very sensitive to thiols, sulfur compounds that are frequently found in sources of danger, like rotting corpses, feces, and toxic gas. Skunks evolved their spray to take advantage of this with high concentrations of thiols and compounds that help to adhere to things. It's like an olfactory flashbang.
My husky got sprayed once on a late night walk. She was so confused -- she just wanted to be friends!
She got two jets: one in the facial area and another on her rump. The stuff near her face came out relatively quickly (think a timeline of months), whereas the spray on her butt really got the chance to soak in to her double coat. It would still smell ~5 years later if she got wet, just absurd staying power.
It did eventually fade or, at the very least, became less distinguishable from the general smell of wet dog
Closer to rotten egg than fish but not quite. It's caused by sulfur compounds similar to those in weed and bad beer as suggested (or beer that's bottled in clear or green glass and left in the sun - brown and cobalt glass block the UV that causes the compounds to form) but there's a wider "pallette" of odors in much higher concentration.
This is so neat! Skunk smell is such an iconic, well known, horrendous animal smell in North America. I've never considered someone would not know what it smells like!